Internal-combustion engine.



W. H. OSTERMAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, IgIa- 1,139,713. Patented May 18, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

l WILLIAM H. Os'r'znmA/Y w MMM THE NDRRIS PETERS CO.. PHQTO-LITHL7.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

W. H. OSTERIVIAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAI/1.1913.

1,139.713. Patented May18,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2. FY' G44..

YYIT/VESSES; InrvE/v'ror',

WILLIAM H. Os'rElm/I/v W. H. USTERNIAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 11111111.1913.

11116111611 May18,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IHE MORRIS PETERS C0.. PHOTO-LlfTHO., WASHINGTON. D, C

W. H. OSTERMAN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEx APPucATloN FILED rum/1.1913.

l 9 l 3997 3 Patented May 18, l1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4L f@ www WIM/55125:

THE NoRR/s PETERS 130 PHOTOALITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. C4

WILLIMfH. ,o'sTnn-ivLAN, on FONDA, IOWA.

nmanancivmusmn ENGINE.

PatentedMaySf; 1915.

Applicaeinfaianayv; y191:52.i serial Nal 7661.201.

To allwh'om may conciem Be it:l known that: 'L lVILLiAi'I1--OsTER'- T MAN, citizen of- 'th-e' Uni-tedf Statesf of. Amer;

ica, and; resident of,I Eonda=- Poeahontasf. county, low-ay have inventedaaf new andi -use- 'f full. l lnteifnal-Gombnstion Engine', of which the `following is a( speei'lioation'.

The objeetof thisinvention is to= provide f anI improved ConstructionA for? ay-tWo-eyele internal :combustion enginef A. furtherj object of thisinvention risfto provide an;- improlved two=eycle internal.'

combustion engine having concentric cylinders and sectional:pistons.` i f A ,further object of this*y invention fis to: provide an improved sectional pistonifoi aninternal VCombustion engine5 certain-.Sections of said pistonbeingz adapi'jedfv for variable speedy movement. toA allow they fpa'ssagexo'f;

gases.

A: further# objGt olf this;inventionrisifto provide an inereased inlet Capacity: for an internal combustionengi-nesf.

AV further olojeety of* thisf'nventionf is to` provide an f improved construction land arrangement/for airfeooling.l I' j A -iurtherX object-ofthis` invention is, tor

provide an improvedzselflcontained mufllingfx exhaust.

A further f objfeot,

burned gases at a loW- speed. L

A. further ob'eot of this invention toy provide improvedl meansV fory varying the speed of certain pistonY sections at `tirnes by means of cam devices' on thewrist piniy A further objecty of thisv inventionis to provide* improved? means for varyingffthe speed of certain other piston sections by,

means ofl earnfdevieesonthe-pitman.` f

A further object @ii/this invention is tol provide an improved Construction fon an internalv combustion engine 1n whichy all the parte arezinelosed lin the ci'anlcfcase andy cylinders andfall lateral projections,pocketsy and hiv-'passes are eliminated A fur-ther object of `this invention is toprovidey ani-improved construction for aninternal eombustionengi-ne iniwhich none of the engine parts are loperatsksd by=any device' connected to the crank shaft i except through.'y

a Wristfpin andf-pitman."V n,

of' this: invention is tou provide a; rapid` and thorough eXhaustro A- fni2theiobjeot` of tll-'iisinv'ention is to pi'ovidef means for'4 securing double compression: 1n an internal! combustionl engine;

A further object of this invention` isv topiroviideff facility ofi access fori adjustment or cleaning oi thefinteriorf f My invention eonsistsin tlieconstinetion,

arrangement# andfeombination of elements hereinafter set forth, pointed out inclaims anclfilli'ist'ratedlfloy' the aecomp anying drawing,V in Which#- Figuie/ 1" isp` a sectional elevationV of the head en'di portion of.v Amy improved inventi ony and Fig..`r 2 isfa'sectional elevation of the crank'endrportion thereof. Figs. 1 and 2` are tov he read1 together to' producer a sec`` tional View ofethe oomplet'ev'device. Figs. 3 and @are eross-seot1`-ons onfthelin'es 3-3 and". o1?` Fig; 11'. f Fig;` 5- isV an' elevationvof `the Wrist-pin andV connected 4vdevices, on anenlarged scale. Fig;6 is af cross-section oni the line 6-6 of Fig.. 2.

In=the-oonstruotion of the device as "shoivnjy the numerals-10, 'l1/designate: mating halvesv of a crankease .andy said 4hal-ves 'are' formed,

with projeetingg#registering, apeitiiredA ears 12 13' adaptedvto v be` securedtoget-heif lby screw boltsfl. Thef memberslO, 111'of the crank case are'formedv with ,siiitalolelbeare ings for aieranlzshaft 15 extendingtrans-y versely: theretlirough.'r An outer Cylinder 16 is formed on and projects from one (open) side of the erankease and is closed at its oppositeend, b v a head; 17 secured in place by screw' bolts v18. i An innercylinder 19V isformed' with the head 17 is'mounted coneentrieallyfof' and; Within the cylinder l-andf extends towardy the crank case 10, 11.

The head'fl?y isformed With a eentralpriming and startin'g:l connection.l such` as lati-20 openingy to, the chamber 21,:inolo'sed yby the head endv of'f-theinner cylinder 19 ;y andwvith diametri'c'ally; opposite ports; 22,. 23 adaptedk fon the' reception oit spark#l plugs* (notshown). vThe spark plug portsrZQ, QS/open to the annulan Chamber leetiveenfthe'innery Whichf iss approxima'tely:l twieethat ofi the 26 so as Vto provide a slight, clearance at each former chamber. A circumferential gain 26 is cut in the outer wall ofthe cylinder 19 at the outer ends of the ports and a split .valve ring 27 is mounted in said gain and normally closes said ports. The valve ring 27 `which preferably extends nearly but not quite around the cylinder 19, is adapted for` outward radial movement underv pressure.

It preferably is'beveled at its inner edgesl and is of slightly less -width than the gain side. Stop pins'28 are fixed to the inner' face of the head 17 just outside the cylinder` 19, project inwardlyfrom said head and are adapted to limit radial-movement of the valve ring 27.

A variable speed piston Ais composed of four concentric sections, the `two inner sections 29, 30 being within the cylinder 19 and the two outer sections 'being between the cylinders 19 and 16.L The inmost piston f sectionV 29, which vis of trunk form and slightlytapering, is formed with a solid or imperforate head 29a. The-other piston sections, 30, 31, 32 are of generally cylindrical form,v and the sections 30 and 32, which are the outinost in their .respective chambers, are comparatively short relative to the sections 29 andV 31. kThe piston headf29a is beveled on its 'periphery and is adapted to fit tightly within the oppositely beveled annular head 31, 32 have oppositely beveled annular heads adapted to lit together at'ltimes yto form a tight j oint-y and` solid head1` completely closing the annular chamber 24.,:,.1The"piston sectionsr30,f31,32 are provided with' pack- Y screwed into radial lugs 41 "on the outermost ing rings`p301, 31a, 32a-engaging therespective walls of the cylinders 19v and 16. A cy- 'lindricalshoe' 33 isfmounted outside the inmos't piston section 29 beh/ind thehead 29a and is `fixed to said section by spaced radial lugs 34, in this instance four in number, .and said Vshoe engages Vthe inner Vsurface of the piston section 30slidinglyv and centers the section 29 and prevents ,undesirable 'oscillation thereof. A web 35-is lfixed to 'and' projects from' the cranken'd of theinmostpiston section 29"and is connected Vto the crank en'diof the section 31,beyond the end of the' inner Vcylinderq19,'by means of screws 36.

The piston section 31 is alsoformed with an outwardly projecting annular shoe 37 at its i crank endengaging the inner surface of the outer cylinder 16 and provided with 39 is .fixed to and'projects from the crank endof the piston section 30 and is connected to operating devices as hereinafter described.

Operating rods 40, in. this instance four in number, are threaded at Vtheir ends and Y piston section 32, extend toward theicrank` case 10, 11, and `pass slidingly through bearings inthe piston shoe y37 of the adjacent section 31. TheY ends ofthe operatingfrods 40 v pass through `end portions of convex plates 42 which are two in number and spacedV apart transversely in the rear end portion of the cylinder 19. The ends of the operating rods 40 are threaded Vand adjusting nuts 43, 44 are screwed thereon on opposite sides of the convex plates 42 and may be employed tocompensate for wear. Y

A wrist pin 45 is fixed to the throw of the crank shaft 15. and a pitman 46 is formed witha suitable bearing' (preferably secured.

by screw bolts 46a) at'one end pivotally engaging said wrist pin.V Theopposite end of the pitman. 46 is formed with a suitable bearing pivotally engaging a piston or ygudgeon'pin 47 mountedin the crank end of the inmost piston section 29. A lug 48 is formed on and projects inwardradially from the connectingr rod 39fanda leaf spring 49 is fixed at one end .to and carried` by -saidlug. Theopposite end portionof the spring 49 is received loosely between converging thumbsvor lugs 50,51 on theV endportion of the pitman-46 adjacent the ,piston pin 47.

rIIhe thumb or lug 51 'is of materially greater n length than the thumb or. lug 50 and is iii- YAclined land arranged so as to bear attimes against the spring 49 adjacent the .point of attachment'thereof to the lug-48.VV The arrangementofthe thumbs or lugs 50, 51 isv such that slightly before 'the endv ofi-eachV upstroke(the wristipin being about 15 degrees below center) 'a Vpressure is Vapplied Y Y by the thumb 51 against `the spring 49 and Y lug'48 tothe end ofincreasing the speed of 1 the pistonsection30, whichnormally is "reciprocated with the section 29, and ,causing said section 30 to pass beyond the'section 29,

and to lag behind said section 29 on the rey turn stroke;'and at the end of the stroke the thumbv or lug 50 acts through the spring 49,

lugf48 and Vconnecting' rod 39 to increase the speedL of the piston section 30 and cause said` sectionk to'overtake andV again travel with the section *'29, forming la solid or compressing head. The pitman 46 is formed with a 'Y centrallongitudinal bore at its crank end in which is mounted a plunger V*bolt 52.` The pitman 46 also; is forked Vat its crankend,

as shown in Fig. V5, and a cam 53 is xedto the wrist pin. 45 within said fork and is adapted'to engage and reciprocate the plun- 'ger bolt 52 vvat times. A`pin5`4 is fixed in the packing rings 38. A connecting rod ory arm inner end of the plunger bolt 52 and 'pro- 46.- The pin 5 4fcarrieson its ends 'rollers :56, 57 adapted to engage and exert pressure on the convex plates 42',^one'of which is located on each'side of the pitman V46.A

Thei Convex plates ,42; are; lplane onfth,eir-

upper surfaces and are baeloeliby,springs-58;A

Conneotionsrto ;a,so uroeo, f-uelrsupply such asafoarbureter; (znotshown).. Exhaust ports i @Owextendzuni a row` aroundthe outer cyliney der 1 6. below,v Ithe pistoni, sections The.; ex-r haust ponts, 60,a open :tot an :annular iuulerf, Chamber 61,- formed byI ai ycylindenl 62'i xedr t0 and eoneentrioallyi ot f the f oranlnendportionfoi' the cylinder 16.,l The muflier cham,

. of the-combined `pist,on,seo tionsand'pare-l ber 61,isgproyided- ,Withf dianietrioalfly1l oppor;Y

site disehargewports 63.641.

1n pnaetioal operation,fuel` gasg-issuckedL in throughi the intake,4 y59-by leaeh up:` stroketiallyfills; the crank., case and lower ,ends ,of

thef,oylinderfs.I Just before,y the-endeof this;`

stroke, as,vaboyeexplained', the, pistou` seo?,

tion; 30'V begins tofaooelerate its speedapasses; beyond4 the seetionfy 29,elosesthe ports 2.55,;

and; prevents baol'ining; orufiring from, supercompression yMirthe transfer chamber; 21.,

Onl the return, strek@ thegffp-viston,sectionfd now laggingarpassagewayiisippovided,for n v l; the.i units above desoiubed,.preferably four,y

andiA 3()` and,v enten the ,chamber 21 Where it. u lstrapped near theendjof the .stroke-by,

rkknown manner, andlthat, the strokes fandV re'engagement of, said-f sections.. Thefup stroke again draWsf,in.,a,-,I,lew 'chargel andy` compresses,v the former charge, f somewhatl p intheohamber 2,1, whenceitistransferrei;

Wheni tlie'pressure has reaoheda oertainfdegree, and just beforel the separation y of the sections 29% and, 30,; througlrthe; portsr` 25 to the chamber 24 by liftingaoffthe Valve,

ringl., Theohange-is now-` further oomand.,nonibineolY piston sections 31, 32 and is n This explosion applies ,an impulse `to, the iene,

gaged. and combined, sections31,v .32 to-the' endsof beginningthe returnor power stroke.,

lnfthis connection, it Wilhybe remembered, that `the section. 31 is, rigidlywoonneoted@ tof,

the Web,i35 andwthus,to,fthef'inner section, 29, and oranln shaft connections. yInasmueh as thefcapacitry of. the outer chamber 24 is,v double thetransfer capacity of. the .inner 21,AV

were no ,ignition to take, placethe charge would reachits normal. densityu at the halt,

Way point of the impulse stroke, thepoint Corresponding-tof.thauatg which. the., ordi` nary ,gasolene engine .begins to f exhaust; but ignition havingstalen place in, the chamber i 24 the heat units are ,transformedintomeohanieal energy andra great. adv'antageiin Work is obtained, duringthe latter, liali'l of the l piston travel, the ,resulting ,effect beingy that', kof a; ,1 compound pistoni travel.` withv ,api-Y plioationi .to f,thef,;wrist1 pini.A at thef lpoint of greatest leverage, ,aslilliustrated iniFvigs. ,1 and#r of, the:.draww/ings;I Towardthle end of thei power strokek the piston section 32;.is,k

\ caused toolagbehindthe seotioiny 31,'b1ecause if oliy the@engagement,` otthefoaniwwithJ the outen endfoi ythe-plungeri bolt, 52,1,thus Gaus-A ing; a reeprocationno ksaid bolt-,-.af1novement,

ofthefpin 541, rollers 56, 5,7, andianfapplioa' tion` of? pressure through sai-d lrollers ltos theoonvex platesLQ, 4connecting rods 40,;lugs41 andifpistonk seetionr Thisseparation of kthe piston` sections-31, allows the burned gases; to :esoaperom the ohamberzQa between f said sections and to pass., throughthe ports GOintothemuiler 61 and;thenee outthrough, theidsehargefopenings, 64e. This exhaustl ofthe burned gases-Causes` a; reductionfof pressure infithe 4Chamber 24M and' allows,- a. transfer off theA next ,-oharge. from, the cham,-

areI to. be used. 1in, .eachncornplete engine and on one Crank shafl't,` 1n a oominonand Well',

explosions fof! adjacentA units will alternate.y

The large. radiating surface, of. the outer ,ber 21.4 Thus eaehoomplete stroke'ofithe cylinder; andtheringfoff the lcharge bei tweenr two oylinders,- .provides for effective airfeoolingl ofi the cylinders. The usewofthe seCtional'piston aiords, ai maximum inlet capacity and., reduces frietl'onal resistance to a minimum.f Theiburned, gasesare exhausted rapidly, at? a low. speed ,because of"v the arrangementandlooation of the exhaust ports n andjmulling chamber, and there is little dangerfof clogging or Choking up. The

exhaust. always travels in the same direction' n and' there is no necessity,y for reversal kat anyy time, Theoompression and transfer ofthe air and gas 4produces a better mixture and y more; perfect, ignition than in a singleoom# pression.engine. The production of a oompoundlf orwdouble piston ftravel, andL the timely, arfrangement` of! its.. application,y results ,in the extraction i of "a large amounty of Work, frolna, given amount of fuel. The. Workingnpart's are all'oontained in one in Closure and'there` are no exposed parts nor lateralpocliets, projections or by-passes.y

' Theyparts may be rendered accessible for i cleaning andi deoarbonizing, if necessary, by removal ofthe head 17, the inner cylinder 19 coming out withthe head. By removall ofthe screw bolts 46 all the Workingparts Y "i abovethe crank be removed for clean?.V

ing, inspection, Vadjustment f or repair.

I claim as my invention- V1. An internal combustion engine, comprising a crank case, a'crank shaft Ajoury naled therein, concentric'l cylinders.V coin-y mufiiing chamber concentric with and communicatingl from the outer cylinder. Y

2. An `internal "combustion engine, comprising acrank case, a crankshaft jour-Y naled therein, a cylinder communicating kwith said crank case, Aa divisible piston in said cylinder, a cylinder arranged' concen- Vtric with and outside of said iirst cylinder,

a divisible piston of annular 'form in the outer cylinder, connections between said pistons, and 1 driving connections between theV Y o l a wrist-pin on the crank shaft, a pitmjanepivinnermost'piston vand the crank shaft.

3'. An internal combustion engine, 'comprising a crank case, aY crankshaft journaled therein, al cylinder communicating Vwith said crank case, a divisible piston in said cylinder, a cylinder concentric with and outside of the first cylinder, a divisible piston of annular form` inthe latter cylinder,

rigid connections between theinnermost secsection and the crank shaft. y

4. An internal lcombustion engine, com-v prising a crank case, a crank shaft journaled therein, a cylinder communicating with said crank case, a divisible piston in said cylinder, a cylinder ,concentric with andV outsideVV of vthe first cylinder, a `divisiblepistonof annular' form in the latter cylinder, rigid kconnectionsJb'etween the innermost sections Y shaft, and means connected with said driving connections for varying vthe speed of the Y of thefrespective pistons, yielding fconnecf tions between the innermost and voutermost piston sections, driving connections between the innermost piston section and thecrank outermost piston section. y

5. An internal combustion engine, .com-

V.with said, crank case, a divisible pistonin said cylinder-,fa cylinder concentric with and outside of the first cylinder,'a divisible 'pismost'piston sections,-d riving connections be#l tween the innermost piston section and the crank shaft, means connected withsaid driving connections for varying the speed ofthe outermostpiston section, and separate means connected with said driving connectionsV for prising acrank case, a crankshaft journaledy therein, a cylinder communicating mufiiing chamber.

varying 'the .speed of the outermost section of theV inner piston. v

6. VAn vinternal combustion engine, com# Y prising a crank case, a crankshaft journaled therein, a Y cylinder communicating with said crank case, a divisible piston in said cylinder, a cylinder concentric with and outside of the firstcylinder, a divisible Y piston vof annular form in the latter cylin- `V der, a wrist pin on said crank shaft, a pit#k man'pivotalhly connecting said wrist pin and the inner piston, and a cam on said wrist pina'daptedto separate the sections ofthe naled therein, a cylinder *communicating*k with said crank case, a' divisible piston in said cylindeiya cylinder concentric with and outside of the firstl cylinder, a divisible piston of annular form in the latter cylinder,

otally connecting said wrist pin 'and the inner piston, and means on said pitman for from the inner to the Vouter cylinder,'ineans cylinder, an annulary piston in the outerl cylinder, -valve controlled communication for drawing a charge' intoA the inner cylinq der through the piston therein, the iirstpis- Y ton being adapted for compressing said charge in the inner cylinderN and transfer# ring thesame to the outerV cylinder, Ythe second piston being adapted for lfurther coinc pressing and firing'said chargel in the VouterV chamber, 'and means for exhausting the eXf ploded charge through the lannular piston ofthe outer chamber. l

ioo

V9L In an internal combustion engine, coii- Lcentric cylinders, aipiston in the inner cylinder, an annular piston the outer cylinder, an annular mufliingchamber concentricwith and having'communication from the outer cylinder, `valve controlled communication betweenthe inner and outer cylinders, lthe inner cylinder being adapted to receive a ycharge through thel piston therein, the 'firstV piston being adapted for compressing said chargein thelinner cylinderl Vand transferring the same 'to the outer cylinder, means for exploding lsaid Vcharge in thefouter cylinder, 'and means for exhausting the exploded charge through the annular pistontosaid rable piston sections yieldingly connected, and" a pitman pivotally connecting said wrist pin-andv one of said piston sections,

a cani on saidwrist pin, a'plunger bolt iinl ymounted in said pitman, a transverse pin in rable piston sections and a pitrnan pivotally connecting said Wrist pin and one of Asaid sections, a spring xed 1n the other of said piston sections and @am devices on said p1tman and acting upon said spring for alter- 10 nately slackening and increasing the speed of the latter piston section. Y

- Signed by me at Des Moines, Iowa, rthis twelfth day of April, 1918. f

VILLIAM H.y OSTERMAN.

Witnesses Y EARL M. SINCLALR, l/V.-`W. FINK.

C'opes of this patent may be obtanedfkor five cents each, by addressing che Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0., 

